Three points A, B and C lie on a horizontal ground are such that AB = 24 m and BC = 53 m.
Point B is due north of C. The bearing of A from B is 122°.

  1. (a)

    Find the distance AC.

    Answer ...m

  2. (b)

    Find the bearing of C from A.

    Answer ...°

  3. (c)

    Find the area of the triangular plot ABC.

    Answer ...m^2

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Worked solution

23(a)

1. Find the included angle at $B$ between $BA$ and $BC$.

Bearing of CC from BB is 180∘180^\circ.

Bearing of AA from BB is 122∘122^\circ.

Hence,
∠ABC=180∘−122∘=58∘.\angle ABC=180^\circ-122^\circ=58^\circ.

2. Apply the cosine rule to find $AC$.

Using the cosine rule,
AC2=AB2+BC2−2(AB)(BC)cos⁡∠ABC.AC^2=AB^2+BC^2-2(AB)(BC)\cos \angle ABC.

AC2=242+532−2(24)(53)cos⁡58∘AC^2=24^2+53^2-2(24)(53)\cos 58^\circ

AC2=576+2809−2544cos⁡58∘AC^2=576+2809-2544\cos 58^\circ

AC=45.8 m  (to 3 s.f.).AC=45.8\text{ m} \;\text{(to 3 s.f.)}.

Answer

AC=45.8 mAC = 45.8\text{ m}

23(b)

1. Find the horizontal and vertical components needed from $A$ to $C$.

Since the bearing of AA from BB is 122∘122^\circ, the angle between BABA and the south direction is
180∘−122∘=58∘.180^\circ-122^\circ=58^\circ.
Horizontal distance of AA east of BB:
24sin⁡58∘.24\sin58^\circ.
Vertical distance of AA south of BB:
24cos⁡58∘.24\cos58^\circ.
Since BC=53BC=53 m, from AA to CC the southward distance is
53−24cos⁡58∘.53-24\cos58^\circ.

2. Find the angle that $AC$ makes with the south direction.

Let θ\theta be the angle west of south from AA to CC.
tan⁡θ=24sin⁡58∘53−24cos⁡58∘\tan\theta=\frac{24\sin58^\circ}{53-24\cos58^\circ}
θ=tan⁡−1(24sin⁡58∘53−24cos⁡58∘)\theta=\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{24\sin58^\circ}{53-24\cos58^\circ}\right)
θ=26.8∘ (to 1 d.p.)\theta=26.8^\circ \text{ (to 1 d.p.)}

3. Convert the angle west of south into a three-figure bearing.

The direction from AA to CC is 26.8∘26.8^\circ west of south.

Therefore the bearing of CC from AA is
180∘+26.8∘=206.8∘.180^\circ+26.8^\circ=206.8^\circ.
To the nearest degree,
206.8∘≈207∘.206.8^\circ\approx207^\circ.

Answer

207∘207^\circ

23(c)

1. Find the included angle at $B$ between $BA$ and $BC$.

Since BCBC is due south from BB, the bearing of CC from BB is 180∘180^\circ.

The bearing of AA from BB is 122∘122^\circ.

Hence
∠ABC=180∘−122∘=58∘.\angle ABC=180^\circ-122^\circ=58^\circ.

2. Use the triangle area formula with two sides and the included angle.

Area of △ABC=12(AB)(BC)sin⁡∠ABC\text{Area of }\triangle ABC=\frac12(AB)(BC)\sin\angle ABC

=12(24)(53)sin⁡58∘=\frac12(24)(53)\sin58^\circ

=539.363…=539.363\ldots

So the area is 539 m2539\text{ m}^2 to 3 significant figures.

Answer

539 m2539\text{ m}^2

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