Given that 5x3+x2+27x+A≡Bx(x−1)2+C(x−1)(x+3)5x^3 + x^2 + 27x + A \equiv Bx(x-1)^2 + C(x-1)(x+3) for all real values of xx, find the constants AA, BB and CC. The polynomial f(x)f(x) leaves a remainder of 44 and −7-7 when divided by 2x−12x-1 and x+2x+2 respectively. Find the remainder when f(x)f(x) is divided by 2x2+3x−22x^2+3x-2.

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Worked solution

7(a)

1. Find A by substituting x = 1

Let x=1x = 1:
5(1)3+(1)2+27(1)+A=B(1)(0)2+C(0)(4)5(1)^3 + (1)^2 + 27(1) + A = B(1)(0)^2 + C(0)(4)
33+A=0  ⟹  A=−3333 + A = 0 \implies A = -33

2. Find C by substituting x = 0

Let x=0x = 0 (using A=−33A = -33):
5(0)+0+0+(−33)=B(0)(...)2+C(−1)(3)5(0) + 0 + 0 + (-33) = B(0)(...)^2 + C(-1)(3)
−33=−3C  ⟹  C=11-33 = -3C \implies C = 11

3. Find B by comparing coefficients of x^3

Expanding the right side, the x3x^3 term is Bx3Bx^3.
Comparing coefficients of x3x^3:
B=5B = 5

4. Verify with the x coefficient

Expand: Bx(x−1)2+C(x−1)(x+3)=Bx3+(−2B+C)x2+(B+2C)x−3CBx(x-1)^2 + C(x-1)(x+3) = Bx^3 + (-2B+C)x^2 + (B+2C)x - 3C.
Coefficient of xx: B+2C=5+22=27B + 2C = 5 + 22 = 27 ✓, and coefficient of x2x^2: −2B+C=−10+11=1-2B + C = -10 + 11 = 1 ✓.
Thus A=−33A = -33, B=5B = 5, C=11C = 11.

Answer

A=−33A = -33, B=5B = 5, C=11C = 11

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