[Cambridge/9709/2007]
The equation of a curve is y=2x−tan⁡xy = 2x - \tan x, where xx is in radians. Find the coordinates of the stationary points of the curve for which −12π<x<12π-\frac{1}{2}\pi < x < \frac{1}{2}\pi.

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Worked solution

Q2

1. Find the first derivative $\frac{dy}{dx}$ of the given curve equation.

dydx=2−sec⁡2x\frac{dy}{dx} = 2 - \sec^2 x

2. Set the derivative to zero to locate the stationary points and simplify.

For stationary points, dydx=0\frac{dy}{dx} = 0:
2−sec⁡2x=02 - \sec^2 x = 0
sec⁡2x=2\sec^2 x = 2
cos⁡2x=12\cos^2 x = \frac{1}{2}

3. Solve the trigonometric equation for $x$ within the specified domain.

cos⁡x=±12\cos x = \pm \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
Since the domain is −12π<x<12π-\frac{1}{2}\pi < x < \frac{1}{2}\pi, we know that cos⁡x>0\cos x > 0.
Therefore, cos⁡x=12\cos x = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}.
x=π4 or x=−π4x = \frac{\pi}{4} \text{ or } x = -\frac{\pi}{4}

4. Substitute the $x$-values into the original curve equation to find the corresponding $y$-coordinates.

For x=π4x = \frac{\pi}{4}:
y=2(π4)−tan⁡(π4)=π2−1y = 2\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) - \tan\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = \frac{\pi}{2} - 1

For x=−π4x = -\frac{\pi}{4}:
y=2(−π4)−tan⁡(−π4)=−π2−(−1)=1−π2y = 2\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right) - \tan\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = -\frac{\pi}{2} - (-1) = 1 - \frac{\pi}{2}

Answer

(π4,π2−1)(\frac{\pi}{4}, \frac{\pi}{2} - 1) and (−π4,1−π2)(-\frac{\pi}{4}, 1 - \frac{\pi}{2})

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