[Cambridge/H2 Maths 2007]
The current in an electric circuit at time satisfies the differential equation
Find in terms of , given that when .
State what happens to the current in this circuit for large values of .
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Worked solution
Q2[0]
1. Separate the variables to set up the differential equation for integration.
2. Integrate both sides to find the general solution implicitly.
3. Use the initial condition to find the constant of integration.
Given when :
4. Substitute $C$ back into the equation and eliminate the logarithm.
Multiply the entire equation by :
Take the exponential of both sides:
5. Remove the absolute value and make $I$ the subject.
Since is negative when (), the expression inside the modulus is negative. Therefore, :
Q2[1]
1. Solve the differential equation to find the expression for $I$ (as required from the previous dependent part).
Separating the variables for :
Given when :
2. Determine the limit of $I$ as $t$ becomes very large.
As , the term .
Thus, the current approaches a constant value of .
The current approaches a steady value of .
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