A curve C has equation .
- (a)
Using differentiation, find the range of values of such that concaves upwards.
- (b)
Sketch .
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Worked solution
1(a)
1. Find the first and second derivatives of $y$ with respect to $x$.
2. Set up and solve the inequality for the curve to be concave upwards.
For a curve to be concave upwards, .
Since , we must have the denominator strictly positive:
1(b)
1. Identify the equations of the asymptotes.
From the equation :
As , . Thus, the vertical asymptote is .
As , . Thus, the oblique asymptote is .
2. Find the coordinates of the stationary points.
Set :
When , . This gives a local minimum at .
When , . This gives a local maximum at .
3. Determine the intersections with the coordinate axes.
To find the -intercept, set :
The curve crosses the -axis at .
To find -intercepts, set :
The discriminant is , so there are no real roots and therefore no -intercepts.
A sketch of the curve should include:
- A vertical asymptote at and an oblique asymptote at .
- A local maximum point at and a local minimum point at .
- A -intercept at and no -intercepts.
- The correct shape with two branches bounded by the asymptotes (concave down for and concave up for ).
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