If x3+5x2+8x+4=(x+2)2(x+1)x^3 + 5x^2 + 8x + 4 = (x + 2)^2(x + 1), find the range of values of xx for which 181−x≥x2+6x+14\frac{18}{1-x} \ge x^2 + 6x + 14

  1. Hence find the range of values of xx for which 181−∣x∣≥∣x∣2+6∣x∣+14\frac{18}{1-|x|} \ge |x|^2 + 6|x| + 14.

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Worked solution

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1. Solve the inequality from the first part by expressing it as a single rational fraction.

181−x−(x2+6x+14)≥0\frac{18}{1-x} - (x^2 + 6x + 14) \ge 0
18−(1−x)(x2+6x+14)1−x≥0\frac{18 - (1-x)(x^2 + 6x + 14)}{1-x} \ge 0
18−(−x3−5x2−8x+14)1−x≥0\frac{18 - (-x^3 - 5x^2 - 8x + 14)}{1-x} \ge 0
x3+5x2+8x+41−x≥0\frac{x^3 + 5x^2 + 8x + 4}{1-x} \ge 0
Using the given identity x3+5x2+8x+4=(x+2)2(x+1)x^3 + 5x^2 + 8x + 4 = (x + 2)^2(x + 1):
(x+2)2(x+1)1−x≥0\frac{(x + 2)^2(x + 1)}{1-x} \ge 0

2. Find the range of values of $x$ for the first part.

The critical values are x=−2x = -2, x=−1x = -1, and x=1x = 1.
Since (x+2)2≥0(x + 2)^2 \ge 0 for all real xx, the sign of the expression depends on x+11−x\frac{x+1}{1-x}.
For x+11−x≥0\frac{x+1}{1-x} \ge 0, we have −1≤x<1-1 \le x < 1.
Additionally, the expression equals 00 when (x+2)2=0  ⟹  x=−2(x + 2)^2 = 0 \implies x = -2.
Thus, the solution to the first inequality is −1≤x<1-1 \le x < 1 or x=−2x = -2.

3. Substitute $x$ with $|x|$ to find the range of values for the target inequality.

The target inequality is obtained by replacing xx with ∣x∣|x| in the first inequality. Therefore, the solution is:
−1≤∣x∣<1or∣x∣=−2-1 \le |x| < 1 \quad \text{or} \quad |x| = -2
Since ∣x∣≥0|x| \ge 0 for all real xx, the equation ∣x∣=−2|x| = -2 has no real solutions.
The inequality −1≤∣x∣<1-1 \le |x| < 1 simplifies to ∣x∣<1|x| < 1 (as −1≤∣x∣-1 \le |x| is always true).
∣x∣<1  ⟹  −1<x<1|x| < 1 \implies -1 < x < 1

Answer

−1<x<1-1 < x < 1

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