The general solution of a differential equation is given by y=Aex+Be2x+Ce−2xy = Ae^{x} + Be^{2x} + Ce^{-2x}, where AA, BB and CC are arbitrary constants. Given that a particular solution satisfies y=2y = 2, dydx=−3\dfrac{dy}{dx} = -3 and d2ydx2=11\dfrac{d^{2}y}{dx^{2}} = 11 when x=0x = 0, find the values of AA, BB and CC.

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Worked solution

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1. Differentiate the given general solution to obtain expressions for $\frac{dy}{dx}$ and $\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$.

dydx=Aex+2Be2x−2Ce−2x\frac{dy}{dx} = Ae^x + 2Be^{2x} - 2Ce^{-2x}
d2ydx2=Aex+4Be2x+4Ce−2x\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = Ae^x + 4Be^{2x} + 4Ce^{-2x}

2. Substitute $x = 0$ and the given values to form a system of equations.

Since e0=1e^0 = 1, substituting y=2y = 2, dydx=−3\frac{dy}{dx} = -3, and d2ydx2=11\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = 11 gives:
A+B+C=2— (1)A + B + C = 2 \quad \text{--- (1)}
A+2B−2C=−3— (2)A + 2B - 2C = -3 \quad \text{--- (2)}
A+4B+4C=11— (3)A + 4B + 4C = 11 \quad \text{--- (3)}

3. Solve the system of linear equations to find $A$, $B$, and $C$.

Subtract (1) from (2):
(A+2B−2C)−(A+B+C)=−3−2(A + 2B - 2C) - (A + B + C) = -3 - 2
B−3C=−5— (4)B - 3C = -5 \quad \text{--- (4)}

Subtract (1) from (3):
(A+4B+4C)−(A+B+C)=11−2(A + 4B + 4C) - (A + B + C) = 11 - 2
3B+3C=9  ⟹  B+C=3— (5)3B + 3C = 9 \implies B + C = 3 \quad \text{--- (5)}

Multiply (5) by 3 and add to (4):
(B−3C)+3(B+C)=−5+3(3)(B - 3C) + 3(B + C) = -5 + 3(3)
4B=4  ⟹  B=14B = 4 \implies B = 1

Substitute B=1B = 1 into (5):
1+C=3  ⟹  C=21 + C = 3 \implies C = 2

Substitute B=1B = 1 and C=2C = 2 into (1):
A+1+2=2  ⟹  A=−1A + 1 + 2 = 2 \implies A = -1

Answer

A=−1A = -1, B=1B = 1, C=2C = 2

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