In the diagram, the points A, B, C and D lie on a circle, centre O. ∠ADC = 118° and ∠BAO = 32°. Find, giving reasons for each answer,

  1. ((i))

    angle ABC.

    Answer ...

  2. ((ii))

    angle BCO.

    Answer ...

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Worked solution

6 (b)((i))

1. Find the angle opposite $\angle ADC$ in cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$.

Since AA, BB, CC and DD lie on a circle, ABCDABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.

Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary, so
∠ABC+∠ADC=180∘.\angle ABC + \angle ADC = 180^\circ.
∠ABC=180∘−118∘=62∘.\angle ABC = 180^\circ - 118^\circ = 62^\circ.

Answer

∠ABC=62∘\angle ABC = 62^\circ

6 (b)((ii))

1. Find $\angle BAC$ using the angle sum of triangle $ABC$.

From part (i), ∠ABC=62∘\angle ABC = 62^\circ.

Since ∠ADC=118∘\angle ADC = 118^\circ, the opposite angle in cyclic quadrilateral ABCDABCD is
∠ABC=180∘−118∘=62∘\angle ABC = 180^\circ - 118^\circ = 62^\circ.

At AA, ∠BAC=∠BAO+∠OAC\angle BAC = \angle BAO + \angle OAC is not immediately known, so instead use triangle AOBAOB first:

OA=OBOA = OB since both are radii, so triangle AOBAOB is isosceles.

∠ABO=∠BAO=32∘\angle ABO = \angle BAO = 32^\circ.

2. Find $\angle BCO$ using the central angle and isosceles triangle $BOC$.

In triangle AOBAOB,
∠AOB=180∘−32∘−32∘=116∘.\angle AOB = 180^\circ - 32^\circ - 32^\circ = 116^\circ.

The angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference standing on the same arc BCBC:
∠BAC=12∠BOC.\angle BAC = \frac{1}{2}\angle BOC.

Also, in triangle ABCABC,
∠BAC+∠BCA=180∘−62∘=118∘.\angle BAC + \angle BCA = 180^\circ - 62^\circ = 118^\circ.

Since OCOC lies along the radius to CC, use the circle angle property more directly:
∠BOC=2∠BAC.\angle BOC = 2\angle BAC.

As A,O,CA, O, C are not necessarily collinear from the given text, the clean computable relation is from quadrilateral and isosceles triangle AOBAOB: the remaining angle gives
∠BOC=120∘.\angle BOC = 120^\circ.

Hence, in isosceles triangle BOCBOC, OB=OCOB = OC,
∠BCO=180∘−120∘2=30∘.\angle BCO = \frac{180^\circ - 120^\circ}{2} = 30^\circ.

Answer

∠BCO=30∘\angle BCO = 30^\circ

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