In the figure below, ACEGACEG is a rectangle and ABJHABJH is a square. The area of the shaded rectangle JDEFJDEF is 36 cm236\text{ cm}^2 and the length of HGHG is 9 cm9\text{ cm}. Find the length of ACAC.

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Worked solution

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1. Determine the dimensions of the shaded rectangle $JDEF$.

Since HDHD is horizontal and BFBF is vertical, JFJF is parallel and equal to HGHG. Thus, JF=9 cmJF = 9\text{ cm}.
The area of JDEFJDEF is 36 cm236\text{ cm}^2, so JD=369=4 cmJD = \frac{36}{9} = 4\text{ cm}.

2. Relate the lengths to the square $ABJH$ and set up an equation using similar triangles.

Let the side length of the square ABJHABJH be x cmx\text{ cm}. Then AB=AH=HJ=BJ=x cmAB = AH = HJ = BJ = x\text{ cm}.
Since BC=JD=4 cmBC = JD = 4\text{ cm}, the total length AC=x+4AC = x + 4.
Since G,J,CG, J, C are collinear, △GHJ\triangle GHJ is similar to △GAC\triangle GAC (or by comparing gradients).
HJAC=GHGA\frac{HJ}{AC} = \frac{GH}{GA}

3. Solve for $x$.

Substitute the known lengths into the similarity ratio:
xx+4=99+x\frac{x}{x + 4} = \frac{9}{9 + x}
Cross-multiplying gives:
x(9+x)=9(x+4)x(9 + x) = 9(x + 4)
9x+x2=9x+369x + x^2 = 9x + 36
x2=36x^2 = 36
Since x>0x > 0, x=6x = 6.

4. Calculate the length of $AC$.

AC=AB+BC=x+4=6+4=10 cmAC = AB + BC = x + 4 = 6 + 4 = 10\text{ cm}.

Answer

10 cm10\text{ cm}

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