[Cambridge/2004] The use of calculator is not allowed in this question.

  1. (i)

    Express (3−i)2(3 - i)^2 in the form a+iba + ib.

  2. (ii)

    Hence or otherwise find the roots of the equation (z+i)2=−8+6i(z + i)^2 = -8 + 6i.

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Worked solution

Q4(i)

1. Expand the squared expression

(3−i)2=32−2(3)(i)+i2(3 - i)^2 = 3^2 - 2(3)(i) + i^2

2. Substitute $i^2 = -1$ and simplify into $a + ib$ form

=9−6i−1=8−6i= 9 - 6i - 1 \\ = 8 - 6i

Answer

8−6i8 - 6i

Q4(ii)

1. Compute the result of part (i) and use it to rewrite the right-hand side of the given equation.

From part (i), we have:
(3−i)2=9−6i+i2=8−6i(3 - i)^2 = 9 - 6i + i^2 = 8 - 6i

The given equation is (z+i)2=−8+6i(z + i)^2 = -8 + 6i.
Notice that the right-hand side is the exact negative of the result from part (i):
(z+i)2=−(8−6i)(z + i)^2 = -(8 - 6i)
(z+i)2=−(3−i)2(z + i)^2 = -(3 - i)^2

2. Incorporate the negative sign into the square to express the right-hand side as a perfect square.

Using the fact that −1=i2-1 = i^2:
(z+i)2=i2(3−i)2(z + i)^2 = i^2(3 - i)^2
(z+i)2=[i(3−i)]2(z + i)^2 = [i(3 - i)]^2
(z+i)2=(3i−i2)2(z + i)^2 = (3i - i^2)^2
(z+i)2=(1+3i)2(z + i)^2 = (1 + 3i)^2

3. Take the square root of both sides to solve for the two possible values of $z$.

Taking the square root of both sides gives two possibilities:
z+i=±(1+3i)z + i = \pm(1 + 3i)

Case 1: Positive root
z+i=1+3i  ⟹  z=1+2iz + i = 1 + 3i \implies z = 1 + 2i

Case 2: Negative root
z+i=−(1+3i)=−1−3i  ⟹  z=−1−4iz + i = -(1 + 3i) = -1 - 3i \implies z = -1 - 4i

Answer

z=1+2i or z=−1−4iz = 1 + 2i \text{ or } z = -1 - 4i

AI analysis — may contain mistakes.

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