ORS is a triangle. J is a point on RS such that RJ:JS=3:2RJ:JS = 3:2. OR→=r\overrightarrow{OR} = r and OS→=s\overrightarrow{OS} = s.

  1. (a)

    Show that OJ→=15(2r+3s).\overrightarrow{OJ} = \frac{1}{5}(2r + 3s).

  2. (b)

    X is a point such that $\overrightarrow{RX} = \frac{1}{5}(r + 9s).

    Explain why O, J and X lie on a straight line.

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Worked solution

25(a)

1. Express the vector from $R$ to $S$ and identify the fraction of $RS$ from $R$ to $J$.

Since RJ:JS=3:2RJ:JS=3:2, the whole line segment RSRS is split into 55 equal parts, and
overrightarrowRJ=frac35overrightarrowRS.\\overrightarrow{RJ}=\\frac{3}{5}\\overrightarrow{RS}.
Also,
overrightarrowRS=overrightarrowOS−overrightarrowOR=s−r.\\overrightarrow{RS}=\\overrightarrow{OS}-\\overrightarrow{OR}=s-r.

2. Find $\\overrightarrow{OJ}$ by following the path $O \to R \to J$ and simplify.

overrightarrowOJ=overrightarrowOR+overrightarrowRJ\\overrightarrow{OJ}=\\overrightarrow{OR}+\\overrightarrow{RJ}
=r+frac35(s−r)=r+\\frac{3}{5}(s-r)
=r+frac35s−frac35r=r+\\frac{3}{5}s-\\frac{3}{5}r
=frac25r+frac35s=\\frac{2}{5}r+\\frac{3}{5}s
=frac15(2r+3s).=\\frac{1}{5}(2r+3s).

Answer

Hence, overrightarrowOJ=dfrac15(2r+3s)\\overrightarrow{OJ}=\\dfrac{1}{5}(2r+3s).

25(b)

1. Find the position vector of $X$ from $O$.

OX→=OR→+RX→\overrightarrow{OX}=\overrightarrow{OR}+\overrightarrow{RX}
=r+15(r+9s)=r+\frac{1}{5}(r+9s)
=15(6r+9s)=\frac{1}{5}(6r+9s)

2. Compare $\overrightarrow{OX}$ with the given result for $\overrightarrow{OJ}$ and conclude collinearity.

From part (a),
OJ→=15(2r+3s).\overrightarrow{OJ}=\frac{1}{5}(2r+3s).
Now,
OX→=15(6r+9s)=35(2r+3s)=3OJ→.\overrightarrow{OX}=\frac{1}{5}(6r+9s)=\frac{3}{5}(2r+3s)=3\overrightarrow{OJ}.
Hence OX→\overrightarrow{OX} is a scalar multiple of OJ→\overrightarrow{OJ}.

Answer

Since OX→=3OJ→\overrightarrow{OX}=3\overrightarrow{OJ}, the vectors OX→\overrightarrow{OX} and OJ→\overrightarrow{OJ} are parallel and have the same initial point OO. Therefore, OO, JJ and XX lie on a straight line.

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