The curve CC defined by y=ax+1bx−2y = \frac{ax + 1}{bx - 2} passes through (3,13)(3, 13) and has vertical asymptote x=2x = 2.

  1. (i)

    Find the values of aa and bb.

  2. (ii)

    Describe a sequence of three transformations that transform the graph of y=1xy = \frac{1}{x} onto the graph of CC.

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Worked solution

3(i)

1. Find the value of $b$ using the condition for the vertical asymptote.

The vertical asymptote is x=2x = 2, which occurs when the denominator is zero.
b(2)−2=0b(2) - 2 = 0
2b=22b = 2
b=1b = 1

2. Find the value of $a$ by substituting the given coordinates of the point on the curve.

Substitute x=3x = 3, y=13y = 13, and b=1b = 1 into the equation y=ax+1bx−2y = \frac{ax + 1}{bx - 2}:
13=a(3)+1(1)(3)−213 = \frac{a(3) + 1}{(1)(3) - 2}
13=3a+1113 = \frac{3a + 1}{1}
13=3a+113 = 3a + 1
3a=123a = 12
a=4a = 4

Answer

a=4a = 4, b=1b = 1

3(ii)

1. Determine the equation of curve $C$ using the values of $a$ and $b$ from part (i), and express it in proper fraction form.

From part (i), a=4a = 4 and b=1b = 1.
The equation of curve CC is y=4x+1x−2y = \dfrac{4x + 1}{x - 2}.
Using algebraic manipulation (or long division) to split the fraction:
y=4(x−2)+9x−2y = \dfrac{4(x - 2) + 9}{x - 2}
y=9x−2+4y = \dfrac{9}{x - 2} + 4

2. Identify the horizontal translation.

Starting from y=1xy = \dfrac{1}{x}, replacing xx with x−2x - 2 gives y=1x−2y = \dfrac{1}{x - 2}.
This corresponds to a translation of 22 units in the positive xx-direction.

3. Identify the vertical scaling.

Multiplying the function by 99 gives y=9(1x−2)=9x−2y = 9 \left( \dfrac{1}{x - 2} \right) = \dfrac{9}{x - 2}.
This corresponds to a vertical stretch (scaling parallel to the yy-axis) by a scale factor of 99.

4. Identify the vertical translation.

Adding 44 to the function gives y=9x−2+4y = \dfrac{9}{x - 2} + 4.
This corresponds to a translation of 44 units in the positive yy-direction.

Answer
  1. Translation of 22 units in the positive xx-direction.
  2. Stretch parallel to the yy-axis by a scale factor of 99.
  3. Translation of 44 units in the positive yy-direction.

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