In this question, is a positive constant.
- (a)
Using an algebraic method, solve the inequality . Express your answer in terms of .
- (b)
Hence, solve exactly the inequality .
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Worked solution
1. 将分式不等式移项并通分化简为单个分式
将右边的项移至左边并通分:
对分子因式分解:
2. 确定关键点并求解关于 $x$ 的不等式
表达式的零点与无意义点(关键点)为 ,,。
因为 ,所以关键点的大小顺序为:。
通过符号检验法(穿针引线法或分区间讨论符号):
- 当 时,
- 当 时,
- 当 时,
- 当 时,
因此,不等式小于 的解集为:
3. 对比两不等式结构,利用换元法将第二问转化
观察第二个不等式:
注意到 ,且 。
令 且 (满足 ),原式即化为:
这与第一问的不等式结构完全相同。
4. 代入第一问结果并求解绝对值不等式
根据第一问结论,解为 或 。
将 和 代回:
- :因为绝对值非负,此情况无解。
- :
综合可得:
Answer
第一部分: 或
第二部分: 或 (或表示为 且 )
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