Six positive integers have a mean of 15, a median of 15 and a mode of 16.
The range of these numbers is 7. Find the six numbers.
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Worked solution

6

1. Use the mean to find the total, and use the median to restrict the middle two numbers.

Arrange the six positive integers in ascending order:

a≤b≤c≤d≤e≤fa \leq b \leq c \leq d \leq e \leq f.

Mean =15=15, so

a+b+c+d+e+f=6×15=90.a+b+c+d+e+f=6\times 15=90.

For six numbers, the median is the average of the 3rd and 4th numbers:

c+d2=15\frac{c+d}{2}=15

c+d=30.c+d=30.

2. Use the mode and range to determine the six integers.

The mode is 1616, so 1616 must occur more often than any other number.

Since c+d=30c+d=30 and the data are ordered, the middle pair must allow 1616 to appear as the mode. The possible middle pair is

c=14,d=16.c=14,\quad d=16.

So the numbers are

a, b, 14, 16, e, f.a,\ b,\ 14,\ 16,\ e,\ f.

The range is 77, so

f−a=7.f-a=7.

Also,

a+b+14+16+e+f=90a+b+14+16+e+f=90

a+b+e+f=60.a+b+e+f=60.

Trying values consistent with the order and range gives

a=12,f=19.a=12,\quad f=19.

Then

12+b+e+19=6012+b+e+19=60

b+e=29.b+e=29.

To make 1616 the mode, take e=16e=16, so

b=13.b=13.

Hence the six numbers are

12, 13, 14, 16, 16, 19.12,\ 13,\ 14,\ 16,\ 16,\ 19.

Answer

12, 13, 14, 16, 16, 1912,\ 13,\ 14,\ 16,\ 16,\ 19

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