The function ff is defined, for x≥0∘x \ge 0^\circ, by f(x)=3cos⁡(2x3)−1f(x) = 3\cos\left(\frac{2x}{3}\right) - 1.

  1. (i)

    State the maximum and minimum values of f(x)f(x).

  2. (ii)

    State the amplitude of f(x)f(x).

  3. (iii)

    State the period of f(x)f(x).

  4. (iv)

    Sketch the graph of y=3cos⁡(2x3)−1y = 3\cos\left(\frac{2x}{3}\right) - 1 for 0∘≤x≤270∘0^\circ \le x \le 270^\circ.

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Worked solution

9(i)

1. Find the maximum value of the function

The maximum value of cos⁡(2x3)\cos\left(\frac{2x}{3}\right) is 11.
Maximum value of f(x)=3(1)−1=2f(x) = 3(1) - 1 = 2

2. Find the minimum value of the function

The minimum value of cos⁡(2x3)\cos\left(\frac{2x}{3}\right) is −1-1.
Minimum value of f(x)=3(−1)−1=−4f(x) = 3(-1) - 1 = -4

Answer

Maximum value = 22, Minimum value = −4-4

9(ii)

1. Identify the amplitude from the function's equation

For a function of the form f(x)=acos⁡(bx)+cf(x) = a\cos(bx) + c, the amplitude is given by ∣a∣|a|.
Here, a=3a = 3, so the amplitude is 33.

Answer

33

9(iii)

1. Calculate the period of the function

The period of cos⁡(bx)\cos(bx) in degrees is given by 360∘b\frac{360^\circ}{b}.
Here, b=23b = \frac{2}{3}.
Period=360∘23=360∘×32=540∘\text{Period} = \frac{360^\circ}{\frac{2}{3}} = 360^\circ \times \frac{3}{2} = 540^\circ

Answer

540∘540^\circ

9(iv)

1. Identify the key points of the graph within the given domain.

At x=0∘x = 0^\circ, y=3cos⁡(0∘)−1=3(1)−1=2y = 3\cos(0^\circ) - 1 = 3(1) - 1 = 2.
At x=270∘x = 270^\circ, y=3cos⁡(2(270∘)3)−1=3cos⁡(180∘)−1=3(−1)−1=−4y = 3\cos\left(\frac{2(270^\circ)}{3}\right) - 1 = 3\cos(180^\circ) - 1 = 3(-1) - 1 = -4.
The period is 540∘540^\circ, so 270∘270^\circ corresponds to half a period, which is the first minimum point.

2. Sketch the curve.

Draw a smooth, decreasing curve starting from the maximum point at (0∘,2)(0^\circ, 2), crossing the xx-axis, and ending at the minimum point at (270∘,−4)(270^\circ, -4).

Answer

A cosine curve starting at (0∘,2)(0^\circ, 2), passing through the xx-axis, and ending at a minimum point of (270∘,−4)(270^\circ, -4).

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