The function f is defined by f(x)=1+2cos⁡2xf(x)=1+2\cos 2x for 0≤x≤π0\le x\le\pi.

  1. (i)

    State the amplitude and the period of f(x)f(x).

  2. (ii)

    State the minimum and maximum values of f(x)f(x).

  3. (iii)

    Sketch the graph of y=f(x)y=f(x) for 0≤x≤π0\le x\le\pi.

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Worked solution

5(i)

1. State the amplitude of the function

The function is f(x)=1+2cos⁡2xf(x) = 1 + 2\cos 2x.
The amplitude is the coefficient of the cosine term.
Amplitude=2\text{Amplitude} = 2

2. Calculate the period of the function

The coefficient of xx is 22.
Period=2π2=π\text{Period} = \frac{2\pi}{2} = \pi

Answer

Amplitude = 22, Period = π\pi

5(ii)

1. Determine the maximum value of the function

The maximum value of cos⁡2x\cos 2x is 11.
Maximum value of f(x)=1+2(1)=3f(x) = 1 + 2(1) = 3.

2. Determine the minimum value of the function

The minimum value of cos⁡2x\cos 2x is −1-1.
Minimum value of f(x)=1+2(−1)=−1f(x) = 1 + 2(-1) = -1.

Answer

Minimum value = −1-1, Maximum value = 33

5(iii)

1. Identify the key coordinates for one period of the graph

The period is π\pi. The key points for y=1+2cos⁡2xy = 1 + 2\cos 2x in the interval 0≤x≤π0 \le x \le \pi are:

  • x=0  ⟹  y=1+2(1)=3x = 0 \implies y = 1 + 2(1) = 3
  • x=π4  ⟹  y=1+2(0)=1x = \frac{\pi}{4} \implies y = 1 + 2(0) = 1
  • x=π2  ⟹  y=1+2(−1)=−1x = \frac{\pi}{2} \implies y = 1 + 2(-1) = -1
  • x=3π4  ⟹  y=1+2(0)=1x = \frac{3\pi}{4} \implies y = 1 + 2(0) = 1
  • x=π  ⟹  y=1+2(1)=3x = \pi \implies y = 1 + 2(1) = 3

2. Sketch the graph

Draw a smooth, continuous curve passing through (0,3)(0, 3), (π4,1)(\frac{\pi}{4}, 1), (π2,−1)(\frac{\pi}{2}, -1), (3π4,1)(\frac{3\pi}{4}, 1), and (π,3)(\pi, 3). Ensure the shape is a standard cosine wave.

Answer

A smooth cosine curve starting at (0,3)(0, 3), passing through (π4,1)(\frac{\pi}{4}, 1), reaching a minimum at (π2,−1)(\frac{\pi}{2}, -1), passing through (3π4,1)(\frac{3\pi}{4}, 1), and ending at (π,3)(\pi, 3).

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