PQRS are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O. Angle OQR = 50°, angle PSR = 73° and obtuse angle SOQ = 156°.

  1. (i)

    Find angle QRS.

    Give a reason for each step of your working.

    Answer ...°

  2. (ii)

    Find angle PSO.

    Give a reason for each step of your working.

    Answer ...°

  3. (iii)

    Find angle PQO.

    Give a reason for each step of your working.

    Answer ...°

  4. (iv)

    Explain whether line PQ parallel to line SR.
    Support your answer with workings.

    Answer : ...
    ...

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Worked solution

(b)(i)

1. Find the angle at the circumference subtended by chord/arc $SQ$.

∠QRS=12∠SOQ\angle QRS = \dfrac{1}{2}\angle SOQ
=12(156∘)= \dfrac{1}{2}(156^\circ)
=78∘= 78^\circ

Reason: angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference standing on the same arc.

Answer

∠QRS=78∘\angle QRS = 78^\circ

(b)(ii)

1. Find the central angle $POQ$.

Since OQ=OROQ = OR, triangle OQROQR is isosceles.

∠OQR=∠ORQ=50∘\angle OQR = \angle ORQ = 50^\circ

So
∠QOR=180∘−50∘−50∘=80∘.\angle QOR = 180^\circ - 50^\circ - 50^\circ = 80^\circ.

Also, ∠PSR=73∘\angle PSR = 73^\circ, so the angle at the centre standing on the same arc PRPR is
∠POR=2(73∘)=146∘.\angle POR = 2(73^\circ)=146^\circ.

Hence
∠POQ=∠POR−∠QOR=146∘−80∘=66∘.\angle POQ = \angle POR - \angle QOR = 146^\circ - 80^\circ = 66^\circ.

2. Find $\angle PSO$ using triangle $POS$.

Given the obtuse angle
∠SOQ=156∘.\angle SOQ = 156^\circ.

Since ∠SOQ=∠SOP+∠POQ\angle SOQ = \angle SOP + \angle POQ,
∠SOP=156∘−66∘=90∘.\angle SOP = 156^\circ - 66^\circ = 90^\circ.

In triangle POSPOS, OP=OSOP = OS, so it is isosceles.

Therefore
∠PSO=180∘−90∘2=45∘.\angle PSO = \frac{180^\circ - 90^\circ}{2} = 45^\circ.

Answer

∠PSO=45∘\angle PSO = 45^\circ

(b)(iii)

1. Use the equal radii to identify triangle $POQ$ as isosceles.

From part (ii), ∠POQ=66∘\angle POQ = 66^\circ.
Since OP=OQOP = OQ because they are radii of the same circle, triangle POQPOQ is isosceles.
Hence ∠OPQ=∠PQO\angle OPQ = \angle PQO.

2. Find each base angle of triangle $POQ$.

∠PQO=180∘−66∘2=57∘\angle PQO = \frac{180^\circ - 66^\circ}{2} = 57^\circ

Answer

∠PQO=57∘\angle PQO = 57^\circ

(b)(iv)

1. Find the interior angle $\angle PQR$.

From part (iii), ∠PQO=57∘\angle PQO = 57^\circ.

Given ∠OQR=50∘\angle OQR = 50^\circ,
∠PQR=∠PQO+∠OQR=57∘+50∘=107∘.\angle PQR = \angle PQO + \angle OQR = 57^\circ + 50^\circ = 107^\circ.

2. Use co-interior angles to decide whether $PQ$ is parallel to $SR$.

From part (i), ∠QRS=78∘\angle QRS = 78^\circ.

If PQ∥SRPQ \parallel SR, then the co-interior angles on transversal QRQR should add to 180∘180^\circ.

But
∠PQR+∠QRS=107∘+78∘=185∘≠180∘.\angle PQR + \angle QRS = 107^\circ + 78^\circ = 185^\circ \ne 180^\circ.

Therefore, PQPQ is not parallel to SRSR.

Answer

PQPQ is not parallel to SRSR, since ∠PQR+∠QRS=107∘+78∘=185∘≠180∘\angle PQR + \angle QRS = 107^\circ + 78^\circ = 185^\circ \ne 180^\circ.

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