The diagram shows a solid formed from a cone, a cylinder and a hemisphere. The cone has base radius cm and height cm. The cylinder has radius cm and height cm. The hemisphere has radius cm.

- (a)
The volume of the hemisphere is thrice the volume of the cone.
Show that .
Answer
- (b)
The total surface area of the solid is 450 cm^2.
Calculate the total height, h cm, of the solid.
Answer h = ... cm
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Worked solution
(a)
1. 分别用含有 $x$ 和 $y$ 的代数式表示圆锥和半球的体积
圆锥的底面半径为 ,高为 ,其体积为:
半球的半径为 ,其体积为:
2. 根据“半球体积是圆锥体积的 3 倍”建立方程并求解 $y$
根据题意,:
两边同时除以 (因为 ):
得证 。
已证
(b)
1. 计算圆锥的母线长及侧面积(用 $x$ 表示)
代入 ,圆锥的高为 ,底面半径为 。
圆锥的母线长 为:
圆锥侧面积为:
2. 计算圆柱侧面积、半球顶部露出环形面积和半球侧面积
-
圆柱侧面积:
-
半球顶部露出的平面环形面积:
-
半球曲面面积:
3. 汇总总表面积表达式,结合已知总表面积 $450\text{ cm}^2$ 解出 $x$
组合体总表面积 为各暴露部分的面积之和:
已知总表面积为 :
4. 计算组合体的总高度 $h$
组合体的总高度 为圆锥的高、圆柱的高以及半球半径之和:
将 代入:
保留三位有效数字得:
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