Using all the digits 4, 9, 0, 5, form:

  1. (a)

    the smallest 4-digit number that is a multiple of 5.

    Ans: (a) ___

  2. (b)

    a 4-digit number closest to 5000.

    Ans: (b) ___

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Worked solution

21(a)

1. Determine the possible last digits for a multiple of 5

A number is a multiple of 55 if its last digit is 00 or 55. The available digits are 4,9,0,54, 9, 0, 5. So the last digit can be 00 or 55.

2. Determine the smallest 4-digit number by arranging the remaining digits

To make the number as small as possible, the first digit must be the smallest non-zero digit available, which is 44.
If the last digit is 00, the remaining digits are 55 and 99. The smallest arrangement is 45904590.
If the last digit is 55, the remaining digits are 00 and 99. The smallest arrangement is 40954095.
Comparing the two possibilities: 4095<45904095 < 4590.

Answer

40954095

21(b)

1. Find the largest possible 4-digit number less than 5000 using the given digits.

The number must start with 44. To make it as large as possible, arrange the remaining digits (9,0,59, 0, 5) in descending order: 49504950.

2. Find the smallest possible 4-digit number greater than 5000 using the given digits.

The number must start with 55. To make it as small as possible, arrange the remaining digits (4,9,04, 9, 0) in ascending order: 50495049.

3. Compare the differences from 5000 to determine which is closer.

Difference for 49504950: 5000−4950=505000 - 4950 = 50
Difference for 50495049: 5049−5000=495049 - 5000 = 49
Since 49<5049 < 50, 50495049 is closer to 50005000.

Answer

50495049

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