[Cambridge/9794/Specimen Paper for 2010]

  1. (i)

    Determine the roots pp and qq of the equation x2−6x+13=0x^2 - 6x + 13 = 0. If pp is the root whose argument is an acute angle, find an equation whose roots are ipip and −iq-iq.

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Worked solution

Q1(i)

1. Solve the given quadratic equation to find its roots.

x=−(−6)±(−6)2−4(1)(13)2(1)x = \frac{-(-6) \pm \sqrt{(-6)^2 - 4(1)(13)}}{2(1)}
x=6±36−522x = \frac{6 \pm \sqrt{36 - 52}}{2}
x=6±−162x = \frac{6 \pm \sqrt{-16}}{2}
x=6±4i2=3±2ix = \frac{6 \pm 4i}{2} = 3 \pm 2i
The roots are 3+2i3 + 2i and 3−2i3 - 2i.

2. Identify $p$ and $q$ based on the condition that $p$ has an acute argument.

For 3+2i3 + 2i, the argument is tan⁡−1(23)\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{2}{3}\right), which is an acute angle (since it is positive and less than π2\frac{\pi}{2}).
For 3−2i3 - 2i, the argument is tan⁡−1(−23)=−tan⁡−1(23)\tan^{-1}\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right) = -\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{2}{3}\right), which is negative and not an acute angle.
Thus, p=3+2ip = 3 + 2i and q=3−2iq = 3 - 2i.

3. Calculate the roots for the new equation, $ip$ and $-iq$.

The new roots are:
ip=i(3+2i)=3i+2i2=−2+3iip = i(3 + 2i) = 3i + 2i^2 = -2 + 3i
−iq=−i(3−2i)=−3i+2i2=−2−3i-iq = -i(3 - 2i) = -3i + 2i^2 = -2 - 3i

4. Find the sum and product of the new roots to form the new quadratic equation.

Sum of new roots =(−2+3i)+(−2−3i)=−4= (-2 + 3i) + (-2 - 3i) = -4
Product of new roots =(−2+3i)(−2−3i)=(−2)2−(3i)2=4−(−9)=13= (-2 + 3i)(-2 - 3i) = (-2)^2 - (3i)^2 = 4 - (-9) = 13

The required equation is x2−(sum of roots)x+(product of roots)=0x^2 - (\text{sum of roots})x + (\text{product of roots}) = 0:
x2−(−4)x+13=0x^2 - (-4)x + 13 = 0
x2+4x+13=0x^2 + 4x + 13 = 0

Answer

x2+4x+13=0x^2 + 4x + 13 = 0

AI analysis — may contain mistakes.

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