[Cambridge/9231/2006]
The variables xx and yy are such that
y3+(dydx)3=x4+6.y^3 + \left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^3 = x^4 + 6. Given that y=−1y = -1 when x=1x = 1, find the value of d2ydx2\frac{\text{d}^2y}{\text{d}x^2} when x=1x = 1.

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Worked solution

Q4

1. Substitute the given values into the original equation to find an equation for the first derivative.

When x=1x = 1, we are given y=−1y = -1. Substituting these values into the equation y3+(dydx)3=x4+6y^3 + \left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^3 = x^4 + 6:
(−1)3+(dydx)3=(1)4+6(-1)^3 + \left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^3 = (1)^4 + 6
−1+(dydx)3=7-1 + \left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^3 = 7

2. Solve for the value of the first derivative at $x = 1$.

(dydx)3=8\left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^3 = 8
dydx=2\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = 2

3. Differentiate the original equation implicitly with respect to $x$ to introduce the second derivative.

Differentiating y3+(dydx)3=x4+6y^3 + \left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^3 = x^4 + 6 implicitly with respect to xx:
ddx(y3)+ddx((dydx)3)=ddx(x4+6)\frac{\text{d}}{\text{d}x}(y^3) + \frac{\text{d}}{\text{d}x}\left(\left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^3\right) = \frac{\text{d}}{\text{d}x}(x^4 + 6)
3y2dydx+3(dydx)2d2ydx2=4x33y^2\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} + 3\left(\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\right)^2\frac{\text{d}^2y}{\text{d}x^2} = 4x^3

4. Substitute the known values of $x$, $y$, and $\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}$ into the differentiated equation to solve for $\frac{\text{d}^2y}{\text{d}x^2}$.

Substitute x=1x = 1, y=−1y = -1, and dydx=2\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = 2 into the new equation:
3(−1)2(2)+3(2)2d2ydx2=4(1)33(-1)^2(2) + 3(2)^2\frac{\text{d}^2y}{\text{d}x^2} = 4(1)^3
6+12d2ydx2=46 + 12\frac{\text{d}^2y}{\text{d}x^2} = 4
12d2ydx2=−212\frac{\text{d}^2y}{\text{d}x^2} = -2
d2ydx2=−16\frac{\text{d}^2y}{\text{d}x^2} = -\frac{1}{6}

Answer

−16-\frac{1}{6}

AI analysis — may contain mistakes.

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