AB is an arc of a circle with the centre O, ∠AOB=π/2\angle AOB = \pi/2 radians and OA=5OA = 5 cm. AC is parallel to OB and BC is an arc of a circle with centre A.

  1. (a)

    Find the length of arc BC.

    Answer ... cm

  2. (b)

    Find the percentage of the figure OACB that is not shaded.

    Answer ...%

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Worked solution

20(a)

1. Find the radius of the circle centred at $A$ for arc $BC$

Since ABAB is an arc of a circle with centre OO and OA=5OA=5 cm, OB=5OB=5 cm.

Triangle AOBAOB is right-angled at OO, so
AB=OA2+OB2=52+52=52 cm.AB=\sqrt{OA^2+OB^2}=\sqrt{5^2+5^2}=5\sqrt{2}\text{ cm}.

Since arc BCBC has centre AA, its radius is AB=52AB=5\sqrt{2} cm.

2. Find the angle subtended by arc $BC$ at centre $A$

As AC∥OBAC\parallel OB and AO⊥OBAO\perp OB, AC⊥AOAC\perp AO.

In triangle AOBAOB, OA=OBOA=OB, so it is an isosceles right-angled triangle. Hence
∠OAB=π4.\angle OAB=\frac{\pi}{4}.

Therefore
∠BAC=π2−π4=π4.\angle BAC=\frac{\pi}{2}-\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{4}.

3. Use the arc length formula

Arc length BC=rθBC=r\theta.

BC=52×π4=52π4=5π22=5π2 cm.BC=5\sqrt{2}\times \frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{5\sqrt{2}\pi}{4}=\frac{5\pi}{2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{5\pi}{\sqrt{2}}\text{ cm}.

Answer

5π2\dfrac{5\pi}{\sqrt{2}} cm, or 11.111.1 cm

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