In the figure below, ABCD is a trapezium. APB, DQC, RCS and PQR are straight lines. APB is parallel to DQC and AD is parallel to PQR. ∠BCS = 50°, ∠BCQ = 90° and ∠QRC = 95°.

  1. (a)

    Find ∠DQP.

  2. (b)

    Find ∠ADQ.

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Worked solution

12(a)

1. Find $\angle QCS$ and then $\angle QCR$

∠QCS=∠BCQ+∠BCS=90∘+50∘=140∘\angle QCS = \angle BCQ + \angle BCS = 90^\circ + 50^\circ = 140^\circ
Since RCSRCS is a straight line, angles on a straight line add up to 180∘180^\circ:
∠QCR=180∘−140∘=40∘\angle QCR = 180^\circ - 140^\circ = 40^\circ

2. Find $\angle RQC$ using the angle sum of $\triangle RQC$

In △RQC\triangle RQC, the sum of angles is 180∘180^\circ:
∠RQC=180∘−∠QRC−∠QCR\angle RQC = 180^\circ - \angle QRC - \angle QCR
∠RQC=180∘−95∘−40∘=45∘\angle RQC = 180^\circ - 95^\circ - 40^\circ = 45^\circ

3. Find $\angle DQP$ using vertically opposite angles

Since DQCDQC and PQRPQR are straight lines, ∠DQP\angle DQP and ∠RQC\angle RQC are vertically opposite angles.
∠DQP=∠RQC=45∘\angle DQP = \angle RQC = 45^\circ

Answer

45∘45^\circ

12(b)

1. Find $\angle QCR$ using the straight line RCS

Since R,C,SR, C, S are collinear, the angles on the straight line at CC sum to 180∘180^\circ.
∠QCR=180∘−∠BCQ−∠BCS\angle QCR = 180^\circ - \angle BCQ - \angle BCS
∠QCR=180∘−90∘−50∘=40∘\angle QCR = 180^\circ - 90^\circ - 50^\circ = 40^\circ

2. Find $\angle RQC$ using the angle sum of $\triangle QRC$

In △QRC\triangle QRC:
∠RQC=180∘−∠QRC−∠QCR\angle RQC = 180^\circ - \angle QRC - \angle QCR
∠RQC=180∘−95∘−40∘=45∘\angle RQC = 180^\circ - 95^\circ - 40^\circ = 45^\circ

3. Find $\angle DQP$ (the answer to part a) using vertically opposite angles

Since D,Q,CD, Q, C and P,Q,RP, Q, R are straight lines:
∠DQP=∠RQC=45∘\angle DQP = \angle RQC = 45^\circ (vertically opposite angles)

4. Find $\angle ADQ$ using alternate angles

Given that AD∥PQRAD \parallel PQR, and DQCDQC is a transversal:
∠ADQ=∠DQP\angle ADQ = \angle DQP (alternate angles, AD∥PQRAD \parallel PQR)
∠ADQ=45∘\angle ADQ = 45^\circ

Answer

45∘45^\circ

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