Solve the inequality x−5x−1≤−1\dfrac{x-5}{x-1} \le -1. Hence solve cos⁡(x−4)cos⁡x≤−1\dfrac{\cos (x-4)}{\cos x} \le -1 for 0≤x≤π0 \le x \le \pi.

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Worked solution

1(a)

1. Rearrange the inequality to form a single fraction comparing to zero.

\frac{x-5}{x-1} \le -1 $^ $$ \frac{x-5}{x-1} + 1 \le 0 $$ $$ \frac{x-5+x-1}{x-1} \le 0 $$ $$ \frac{2x-6}{x-1} \le 0 $$

2. Identify the critical values from the numerator and denominator.

Numerator: 2x−6=0  ⟹  x=3\text{Numerator: } 2x-6 = 0 \implies x = 3
Denominator: x−1=0  ⟹  x=1\text{Denominator: } x-1 = 0 \implies x = 1

3. Determine the sign in each interval to find the solution set, noting that the denominator cannot be zero.

Testing intervals around critical values:\text{Testing intervals around critical values:}
For x<1, e.g. x=0:−6−1=6>0\text{For } x < 1, \text{ e.g. } x=0: \quad \frac{-6}{-1} = 6 > 0
For 1<x<3, e.g. x=2:−21=−2<0\text{For } 1 < x < 3, \text{ e.g. } x=2: \quad \frac{-2}{1} = -2 < 0
For x>3, e.g. x=4:23>0\text{For } x > 3, \text{ e.g. } x=4: \quad \frac{2}{3} > 0
Since we require ≤0 and x≠1:\text{Since we require } \le 0 \text{ and } x \neq 1 \text{:}
1<x≤31 < x \le 3

Answer

1<x≤31 < x \le 3

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