In the diagram below, the line OPOP makes an angle of α∘\alpha^\circ with the positive xx-axis such that tan⁡α=0.2\tan \alpha = 0.2 and QQ lies on the xx-axis.

  1. (a)

    Given that OP=262OP = \frac{\sqrt{26}}{2} units, show that P=(2.5,0.5)P = (2.5, 0.5).

  2. (b)

    Given that the area of ΔOPQ\Delta OPQ is 0.65 units20.65\text{ units}^2, find the coordinates of QQ.

  3. (c)

    Explain, with calculations, why ΔOPQ\Delta OPQ is a right-angled triangle.

  4. (d)

    Find the coordinates of RR such that OPQROPQR is a rectangle.

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Worked solution

7(a)

1. Express the coordinates of $P$ in terms of a single variable using the given tangent ratio.

Let the coordinates of PP be (x,y)(x, y).
Since PP is in the first quadrant, x>0x > 0 and y>0y > 0.
tan⁡α=yx=0.2=15\tan \alpha = \frac{y}{x} = 0.2 = \frac{1}{5}
x=5yx = 5y

2. Set up an equation using the length of $OP$.

OP=x2+y2=262OP = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2} = \frac{\sqrt{26}}{2}
x2+y2=(262)2=264=6.5x^2 + y^2 = \left(\frac{\sqrt{26}}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{26}{4} = 6.5

3. Solve for $x$ and $y$ to show the coordinates of $P$.

Substitute x=5yx = 5y into the equation:
(5y)2+y2=6.5(5y)^2 + y^2 = 6.5
25y2+y2=6.525y^2 + y^2 = 6.5
26y2=6.526y^2 = 6.5
y2=6.526=0.25y^2 = \frac{6.5}{26} = 0.25
Since y>0y > 0, y=0.25=0.5y = \sqrt{0.25} = 0.5.
x=5(0.5)=2.5x = 5(0.5) = 2.5
Therefore, P=(2.5,0.5)P = (2.5, 0.5).

Answer

Shown that P=(2.5,0.5)P = (2.5, 0.5).

7(b)

1. Express the area of triangle OPQ in terms of the coordinates of Q

Let the coordinates of QQ be (q,0)(q, 0).
The base of ΔOPQ\Delta OPQ is OQ=qOQ = q.
The perpendicular height of ΔOPQ\Delta OPQ from P(2.5,0.5)P(2.5, 0.5) to the xx-axis is 0.50.5.
Area of ΔOPQ=12×base×height\Delta OPQ = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height}
Area =12×q×0.5=0.25q= \frac{1}{2} \times q \times 0.5 = 0.25q

2. Equate to the given area and solve for q

0.25q=0.650.25q = 0.65
q=0.650.25=2.6q = \frac{0.65}{0.25} = 2.6
Therefore, the coordinates of QQ are (2.6,0)(2.6, 0).

Answer

(2.6,0)(2.6, 0)

7(c)

1. Find the coordinates of $Q$ using the area of the triangle given in part (b)

The base of ΔOPQ\Delta OPQ is OQOQ (which lies on the xx-axis) and its perpendicular height is the yy-coordinate of PP, which is 0.50.5.
Area=12×OQ×0.5=0.65\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \times OQ \times 0.5 = 0.65
0.25OQ=0.650.25 OQ = 0.65
OQ=2.6OQ = 2.6
Since QQ lies on the positive xx-axis, Q=(2.6,0)Q = (2.6, 0).

2. Calculate the gradients of $OP$ and $PQ$

Gradient of OPOP, mOP=0.5−02.5−0=0.2m_{OP} = \frac{0.5 - 0}{2.5 - 0} = 0.2 (or given as tan⁡α=0.2\tan \alpha = 0.2).
Gradient of PQPQ, mPQ=0−0.52.6−2.5=−0.50.1=−5m_{PQ} = \frac{0 - 0.5}{2.6 - 2.5} = \frac{-0.5}{0.1} = -5.

3. Show that the lines are perpendicular by multiplying their gradients

mOP×mPQ=0.2×(−5)=−1m_{OP} \times m_{PQ} = 0.2 \times (-5) = -1
Since the product of their gradients is −1-1, OPOP is perpendicular to PQPQ. Therefore, ∠OPQ=90∘\angle OPQ = 90^\circ, making ΔOPQ\Delta OPQ a right-angled triangle.

Answer

Since the product of the gradients of OPOP and PQPQ is −1-1, OP⊥PQOP \perp PQ. Thus, ∠OPQ=90∘\angle OPQ = 90^\circ and ΔOPQ\Delta OPQ is a right-angled triangle.

7(d)

1. Find the coordinates of $Q$ from the area of $\Delta OPQ$

Area of ΔOPQ=12×OQ×yP=0.65\Delta OPQ = \frac{1}{2} \times OQ \times y_P = 0.65
12×OQ×0.5=0.65\frac{1}{2} \times OQ \times 0.5 = 0.65
OQ=0.650.25=2.6OQ = \frac{0.65}{0.25} = 2.6
Since QQ lies on the positive xx-axis, Q=(2.6,0)Q = (2.6, 0).

2. Use the midpoint property of the diagonals of a rectangle to find $R$

In rectangle OPQROPQR, the diagonals OQOQ and PRPR bisect each other.
Midpoint of OQ=(0+2.62,0+02)=(1.3,0)OQ = \left(\frac{0 + 2.6}{2}, \frac{0 + 0}{2}\right) = (1.3, 0)
Let R=(x,y)R = (x, y).
Midpoint of PR=(2.5+x2,0.5+y2)PR = \left(\frac{2.5 + x}{2}, \frac{0.5 + y}{2}\right)
Equating the midpoints:
2.5+x2=1.3  ⟹  2.5+x=2.6  ⟹  x=0.1\frac{2.5 + x}{2} = 1.3 \implies 2.5 + x = 2.6 \implies x = 0.1
0.5+y2=0  ⟹  0.5+y=0  ⟹  y=−0.5\frac{0.5 + y}{2} = 0 \implies 0.5 + y = 0 \implies y = -0.5
R=(0.1,−0.5)R = (0.1, -0.5)

Answer

(0.1,−0.5)(0.1, -0.5)

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