Find dydx\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} for each of the following, simplifying your answers.

  1. (i)

    y=sin⁡−1(ex)y = \sin^{-1}(e^x)

  2. (ii)

    y=ln⁡(1+ln⁡xxx)y = \ln\left(\frac{1+\ln x}{x^x}\right)

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Worked solution

3(i)

1. Apply the chain rule and the standard formula for the derivative of inverse sine.

dydx=11−(ex)2⋅ddx(ex)\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - (e^x)^2}} \cdot \frac{\text{d}}{\text{d}x}(e^x)

2. Simplify the expression.

dydx=ex1−e2x\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{e^x}{\sqrt{1 - e^{2x}}}

Answer

ex1−e2x\frac{e^x}{\sqrt{1 - e^{2x}}}

3(ii)

1. Simplify the expression using laws of logarithms to make differentiation easier.

y=ln⁡(1+ln⁡x)−ln⁡(xx)y = \ln(1+\ln x) - \ln(x^x)
y=ln⁡(1+ln⁡x)−xln⁡xy = \ln(1+\ln x) - x\ln x

2. Differentiate the terms using the chain rule and product rule.

dydx=11+ln⁡x⋅ddx(1+ln⁡x)−(x⋅ddx(ln⁡x)+ln⁡x⋅ddx(x))\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{1}{1+\ln x} \cdot \frac{\text{d}}{\text{d}x}(1+\ln x) - \left( x \cdot \frac{\text{d}}{\text{d}x}(\ln x) + \ln x \cdot \frac{\text{d}}{\text{d}x}(x) \right)
dydx=1x(1+ln⁡x)−(x(1x)+ln⁡x)\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{1}{x(1+\ln x)} - \left( x \left(\frac{1}{x}\right) + \ln x \right)
dydx=1x(1+ln⁡x)−(1+ln⁡x)\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{1}{x(1+\ln x)} - (1 + \ln x)

3. Simplify the derivative into a single algebraic fraction.

dydx=1−x(1+ln⁡x)(1+ln⁡x)x(1+ln⁡x)\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{1 - x(1+\ln x)(1+\ln x)}{x(1+\ln x)}
dydx=1−x(1+ln⁡x)2x(1+ln⁡x)\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{1 - x(1+\ln x)^2}{x(1+\ln x)}

Answer

1−x(1+ln⁡x)2x(1+ln⁡x)\frac{1 - x(1+\ln x)^2}{x(1+\ln x)}

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