It is given that dxdy=y2x+5 and when x=0, y=5. Find the Maclaurin's series expansion for y, up to and including the term in x3, leaving the coefficients in exact form.
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Worked solution
2
1. Evaluate the first derivative at $x=0$.
Given the differential equation: dxdy=y2x+5
Substitute x=0 and y=5: dxdyx=0=520+5=51
2. Rearrange and differentiate the equation implicitly to find an expression for the second derivative.
Rearranging the equation to avoid the quotient rule: y2dxdy=x+5
Differentiating implicitly with respect to x using the product and chain rules: 2y(dxdy)2+y2dx2d2y=1
3. Evaluate the second derivative at $x=0$.
Substitute x=0, y=5, and dxdy=51 into the second derivative equation: 2(5)(51)2+(5)2dx2d2y=1 10(251)+25dx2d2y=1 52+25dx2d2y=1 25dx2d2y=53 dx2d2yx=0=1253
4. Differentiate implicitly again to find an expression for the third derivative.
Differentiate 2y(dxdy)2+y2dx2d2y=1 with respect to x: 2dxdy(dxdy)2+2y(2dxdydx2d2y)+2ydxdydx2d2y+y2dx3d3y=0
Simplifying the terms: 2(dxdy)3+6ydxdydx2d2y+y2dx3d3y=0
6. Construct the Maclaurin's series expansion using the evaluated derivatives.
The Maclaurin's series formula is: y=y(0)+y′(0)x+2!y′′(0)x2+3!y′′′(0)x3+…
Substituting the values obtained: y=5+(51)x+2(1253)x2+6(−6254)x3+… y=5+51x+2503x2−37504x3+… y=5+51x+2503x2−18752x3
Answer
y=5+51x+2503x2−18752x3
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