It is given that x2y−tan⁡−1y=34πx^2 y - \tan^{-1} y = \frac{3}{4}\pi. Find dydx\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} in terms of xx and yy.

  1. Hence, find the exact value of dydx\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} when y=1y = 1, given that x>0x > 0.

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Worked solution

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1. Find an expression for $\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}$ using implicit differentiation (from the preceding part).

Differentiating x2y−tan⁡−1y=34πx^2 y - \tan^{-1} y = \frac{3}{4}\pi with respect to xx:
2xy+x2dydx−11+y2dydx=02x y + x^2 \frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} - \frac{1}{1+y^2}\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = 0
dydx(x2−11+y2)=−2xy\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}\left(x^2 - \frac{1}{1+y^2}\right) = -2xy
dydx=−2xy(1+y2)x2(1+y2)−1\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{-2xy(1+y^2)}{x^2(1+y^2) - 1}

2. Find the corresponding value of $x$ when $y = 1$.

Substitute y=1y = 1 into the original equation:
x2(1)−tan⁡−1(1)=34πx^2(1) - \tan^{-1}(1) = \frac{3}{4}\pi
x2−π4=34πx^2 - \frac{\pi}{4} = \frac{3}{4}\pi
x2=πx^2 = \pi
Since x>0x > 0, x=πx = \sqrt{\pi}.

3. Calculate the exact value of $\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x}$.

Substitute x=πx = \sqrt{\pi} and y=1y = 1 into the derivative:
dydx=−2(π)(1)(1+12)(π)2(1+12)−1\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = \frac{-2(\sqrt{\pi})(1)(1+1^2)}{(\sqrt{\pi})^2(1+1^2) - 1}
dydx=−4π2π−1\frac{\text{d}y}{\text{d}x} = -\frac{4\sqrt{\pi}}{2\pi - 1}

Answer

−4π2π−1-\frac{4\sqrt{\pi}}{2\pi - 1}

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