Given that ycos⁡x=xsin⁡2xy^{\cos x} = x^{\sin 2x}, find the exact value of dydx\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} at x=πx = \pi.

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Worked solution

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1. Find the value of $y$ at $x = \pi$.

Substitute x=πx = \pi into the given equation:
ycos⁡π=πsin⁡2πy^{\cos \pi} = \pi^{\sin 2\pi}
y−1=π0y^{-1} = \pi^0
y−1=1  ⟹  y=1y^{-1} = 1 \implies y = 1

2. Take the natural logarithm of both sides to handle variable exponents.

ln⁡(ycos⁡x)=ln⁡(xsin⁡2x)\ln\left(y^{\cos x}\right) = \ln\left(x^{\sin 2x}\right)
cos⁡xln⁡y=sin⁡2xln⁡x\cos x \ln y = \sin 2x \ln x

3. Differentiate both sides implicitly with respect to $x$ using the product rule.

ddx(cos⁡xln⁡y)=ddx(sin⁡2xln⁡x)\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}(\cos x \ln y) = \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}(\sin 2x \ln x)
−sin⁡xln⁡y+cos⁡x(1ydydx)=2cos⁡2xln⁡x+sin⁡2x(1x)-\sin x \ln y + \cos x \left(\frac{1}{y}\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}\right) = 2\cos 2x \ln x + \sin 2x \left(\frac{1}{x}\right)

4. Substitute $x = \pi$ and $y = 1$ to find the exact value of $\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}$.

−sin⁡(π)ln⁡(1)+cos⁡(π)(11)dydx=2cos⁡(2π)ln⁡π+sin⁡(2π)(1π)-\sin(\pi) \ln(1) + \cos(\pi) \left(\frac{1}{1}\right)\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = 2\cos(2\pi) \ln \pi + \sin(2\pi) \left(\frac{1}{\pi}\right)
−0⋅0+(−1)dydx=2(1)ln⁡π+0⋅1π-0 \cdot 0 + (-1)\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = 2(1) \ln \pi + 0 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}
−dydx=2ln⁡π-\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = 2\ln \pi
dydx=−2ln⁡π\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = -2\ln \pi

Answer

−2ln⁡π-2\ln \pi

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